You'll hear the terms Javascript, Java, and C# in the coding community. Some people think Java is a shorthand version of Javascript, but these languages are different. The programming language C# is designed and developed by Microsoft Corporation. So how do these three compare and contrast? Let's take a closer look at them all.
What is Java?
Java is an object-oriented programming language introduced with the feature of "write code once, and run the program anywhere." The applications written in Java are compiled to bytecode that runs on Java Virtual Machine. As a result, the machine installed with Java Virtual Machine can run the Java code. The syntax of Java is similar to the programming language of C++ and C.
Compared to other languages, Java is secure. It does not allow unauthorized access to functions and data, as it has built-in variables and private methods. Java is also a multithreaded language, as it can run multiple tasks simultaneously. It is mainly designed to build object-oriented applications. Java is network-centric. Therefore, it facilitates distributed computing.
Structure of Java
class example
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println("Structure of Java");
}
}
The above code demonstrates the structure of the Java program. The variables and methods are enclosed in the black of the class. The statement System.out.println is an output statement.
Advantages of Java
The advantages of Java object-oriented programming language are as follows.
The application designed in Java can run on the operating system or device it supports cross-platform. Java has many frameworks, tools, and libraries to develop any application. Java programming language is reliable, and the errors in the program are checked in the early stage. The compiler can also detect an error that other programming languages cannot detect. Java does support complex features such as multiple inheritances, pointers, and operator overloading.
Disadvantages of Java
The disadvantages of Java object-oriented programming language are as follows. Although Java programming languages have many features, compared to other languages, Java lacks performance. It consumes more memory and runs more slowly than C++ and C.
Application of Java
Java language can be used to develop enterprise software, android apps, big data analytics application, and application related to scientific computing, to develop hardware devices of java programs, and also to develop server-side technologies.
What is Javascript?
Javascript is one of the scripting languages that run on the browser. JavaScript, along with CSS and HTML, is considered the three main components of the web. Javascript makes web pages more interactive and dynamic. It is also known as the browser's language. Javascript is used to add dynamic text to hypertext markup language. Javascript syntax is similar to C programming language. It is used in server and client-side applications.
Features of JavaScript
Let us take a look at the feature of JavaScript.
• Javascript does not require any compiler to compile and execute the code. The web form can be validated along with the forms created using HTML.
• The scripting language can handle time and date. The Javascript functions are known as objects. These objects have methods and properties and can be passed as arguments.
• Javascript is easy to learn, and using Javascript, you can design many interactions in the websites like animations, chatting, post comments, new data retrieval without reloading the webpage, and so on.
Structure of Javascript
<html>
<head>
<title> JavaScript code!!!</title>
<script>
alert("Hello World!");
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
The above code demonstrates the structure of the Javascript program. The code is added within the tag <Script>. The alert sends the message 'Hello world' on the web page.
Advantages of Javascript
The Javascript code can run in any browser. The code of Javascript can be extended to develop large applications. The code is also used to retrieve and store information on the computer. Javascript supports the feature of modules, classes, and interfaces. The program execution is faster as the time required to connect the server is saved. The length of the code is reduced as it has a built-in function for DOM access and loops.
Disadvantages of Javascript
Javascript does not support multithread. The loop of the script run on a single thread. The language lacks concurrency. Even a single error or bug halts the entire Javascript code on the webpage. To develop applications that are based on networks, Javascript can be used.
Application of Javascript
Javascript is used to develop a mobile app using React Native and PhoneGap. The server-side technologies named Express.js, MongoDB, and Node.js and front–end technologies called AngularJS, ReactJs, Ember.js, and JQuery are based on Javascript.
Java vs. Javascript
The language JavaScript and Java is developed for different purposes. Java is designed to build a standalone application. Javascript is an interface with HTML web technologies.
History
Java programming language was developed in 1995 by sun microsystem, which Oracle later took. Javascript was developed in 1990 by Netscape.
• Language
Java is an object-oriented programming language, whereas Javascript is an object-oriented scripting language. Compared to Javascript, Java is strict as the variables need to be declared before being used in the program. Javascript has more relaxation to the rules and the syntax.
• Run environment
The application developed by Java can run in any browser or on any Java Virtual machine. The web application that Javascript creates can run only on the browser and can run on the server by Node.js.
• Scope
In Java, the variables and methods are based on the block's scope, whereas in Javascript, the scope of the methods and variables are based on the functions. Java is a standalone language, whereas Javascript is integrated with HTML content.
• Performance
Compared to Javascript, the application designed by Java executes faster, and the performance is fast. In Javascript, the validation is executed at run time, which makes it slow in performance.
• Concurrency
In Java, concurrency is supported by threads, whereas in Javascript, concurrency is achieved using events.
• Model
In Java, the code is enclosed within the class, and you need to create objects to access the methods and variables of the class. In Javascript, the objects are designed using the prototype.
• Syntax
The syntax of Java is similar to C and C++. The syntax of Javascript is the same as C, but the naming convention is similar to Java.
• Extension
The extension of the Java file is
".Java" while the extension of Javascript is ".js."
• Compilation
The application designed using the Java programming language must be compiled and interpreted. The code of Javascript is in standard or plain text format that does not require compilation. Compared with Javascript, Java is a dynamic language that is in Java. All the libraries, objects, and methods are dynamically linked in Java. Therefore, Java is an extensible language. It supports various functions written in other languages, such as C++ and C.
What is C#?
C# programming language is a multi-paradigm. The syntax of C# is expensive. The syntax is similar to other languages like Java, C++, and C. C# language has rectified many complex problems of C++. It also includes many additional features: direct memory access, lambda expression, enumerations, and null value types.
Features of C#
The language C# is based on the current trend and is simple as it has a structured approach with a rich set of data types and library functions. The type-safe code of C# can alone access the location of the memory. Using C#, the developer can develop more scalable applications using predominant software development methods. The time taken for execution and compilation of C# is faster.
Structure of C#
The above code prints the statement C# in the output screen. The system namespace is used in the program—the statement Console.Writeline prints the message on the screen. C# is case-sensitive; hence, all the expressions and statements need to be terminated with the semicolon.
Advantages of C#
The main advantage of C# is it supports the concept of polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance. The XML documentation inline comments are supported. The application developed by C# will run if the machine has a .NET framework. It provides support for the distributed system. It is a purely object-oriented language.
Advantages of C#
The disadvantages of C# are as follows:
· C# does not provide interface support directly connecting with firmware and hardware.
· C# language has its byte come and the compiler integrated into the .NET framework, and it does not support single inheritance.
Javascript vs. C#
• Language
JavaScript is designed by Brendan Eich, whereas Microsoft designs C#. JavaScript is an object-oriented language, whereas C# is a type of safe-object-oriented programming language.
• Support
JavaScript supports the generic lambda, whereas C# does not provide generic and lambda support. Operator Overloading cannot be achieved in C#. JavaScript support operator overloading.
• Code Editor
The C# code is edited in the integrated development environment named Visual studio. Sublime, Notepad, and Notepad ++ are used to edit the JavaScript code.
• Syntax
The syntax of JavaScript is based on HTML. Hence, it is more complex and needs high maintenance. C# command is easier to learn, and the use of syntax is simple when compared to JavaScript.
• Service
The main task of the programmer is to maintain the code as it is related to the language simplicity and language that the code uses. Javascript is dynamically typed, whereas C# is a static type. Compared to C#, JavaScript's entire code needs to be examined to fix or update the bug. In C#, it is easy to identify and fix the errors.
• Error identification
The programmers can only identify the errors in the JavaScript code once it is complete. The error can be identified during the program execution. In C#, the developers can detect the error when they write the code, and changes can be made at any time.
• Data type
JavaScript does not support integer and array data types. C# support both array and integer data type.
• Function
In JavaScript, to write a function, one needs to follow "function [function name]." In C#, the function is written as "void [name of function]" return type can be another data type.
• File Extension
The files of javascript are saved with the ".js" extension. The files of C# are saved with the ".cs" extension.
• Administrator
There is no administrator in JavaScript, and it does not support change overburdening. C# has an administrator and provides transformation over-burdening support.
The primary purpose of JavaScript is to design web applications. The C# is used to develop diverse applications based on the console. JavaScript support server-side scripting this is not supported by C#. Javascript is a powerful language used to validate data and design attractive web pages